established – English Grammar Profiler

The future perfect passive is formed with the structure:  WILL HAVE BEEN + PASSIVE PARTICIPLE Here’s an EXPERT EXAMPLE of future perfect passive: If you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep. TED The ending -t in (spent) is an irregular inflection for the passive participle, which regularly ends in -ed: PEARSON GSE 67 B2+ future perfect passive simple …

WILL HAVE BEEN + PP (future perfect passive) Read More »

In the English Grammar Profile, B1 point 22 in the category of PAST is defined as: present perfect simple with ‘already’ to emphasise that something is done, often before the expected time. FOR EXAMPLE: He is the most joyful person that I have ever met, and in just over a year, he has already made the world a better place.   A search in iWeb for: _VHZ already _VVN 1 HAS ALREADY BEGUN 7505 2 …

present perfect simple + ALREADY Read More »

In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 36 in the category of PASSIVES is defined as: ‘it’ as a dummy subject, to summarise or evaluate in discussions, usually in formal or academic writing. This point often overlaps C1 impersonal modal passive reporting. *This might clash with B2. A search of the formal patterns found in the …

‘It should be noted that’ (passives to summarise) Read More »

There are 5 formally related grammar points in the English Grammar Profile in the category of FUTURE/perfect simple with ‘will.’  Many of them overlap and at C1 they are very rare and hard to find in corpora.  An example from the iWeb corpus of the future perfect form used for a polite assumption about the …

will have + PAST PARTICIPLE (future perfect) Read More »